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Empowering the Deaf and Hard of Hearing Community: Enhancing Video Captions Using Large Language Models (2412.00342v2)

Published 30 Nov 2024 in cs.AI

Abstract: In today's digital age, video content is prevalent, serving as a primary source of information, education, and entertainment. However, the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) community often faces significant challenges in accessing video content due to the inadequacy of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems in providing accurate and reliable captions. This paper addresses the urgent need to improve video caption quality by leveraging LLMs. We present a comprehensive study that explores the integration of LLMs to enhance the accuracy and context-awareness of captions generated by ASR systems. Our methodology involves a novel pipeline that corrects ASR-generated captions using advanced LLMs. It explicitly focuses on models like GPT-3.5 and Llama2-13B due to their robust performance in language comprehension and generation tasks. We introduce a dataset representative of real-world challenges the DHH community faces to evaluate our proposed pipeline. Our results indicate that LLM-enhanced captions significantly improve accuracy, as evidenced by a notably lower Word Error Rate (WER) achieved by ChatGPT-3.5 (WER: 9.75%) compared to the original ASR captions (WER: 23.07%), ChatGPT-3.5 shows an approximate 57.72% improvement in WER compared to the original ASR captions.

Summary

  • The paper introduces a novel pipeline integrating LLMs to refine ASR captions, reducing WER from 23.07% to 9.75%.
  • It curates a real-world dataset that addresses challenges like accents, noise, and domain-specific terminology for improved caption accuracy.
  • Key findings include a BLEU score improvement to 0.85 and insights that pave the way for scalable, multimodal subtitle enhancements.

Enhancing Video Captions with LLMs for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing Community

The paper, "Empowering the Deaf and Hard of Hearing Community: Enhancing Video Captions Using LLMs," presents a robust methodology aimed at improving accessibility for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) community by refining the quality of video captions through the use of LLMs. It primarily addresses the deficiencies of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems, such as YouTube's captioning feature, which often fail to generate accurate and contextually relevant captions.

The authors propose and empirically evaluate a novel pipeline that integrates advanced LLMs to enhance the captions produced by ASR systems. The paper involves models like GPT-3.5 and Llama2-13B due to their superior capabilities in linguistic tasks. It introduces a meticulously curated dataset reflecting challenges the DHH community encounter, thus ensuring the research's applicability and relevance.

Results and Contributions

The paper reports a significant reduction in the Word Error Rate (WER), where ChatGPT-3.5 achieved a WER of 9.75%, compared to 23.07% for the original ASR-generated captions. This represents an approximate 57.72% improvement. Additionally, the BLEU score for ChatGPT-3.5 captions was 0.85, indicating improved precision in n-gram matching compared to the original 0.67. These metrics signify the increased effectiveness of the LLM-enhanced captions compared to the baseline.

The paper underscores several critical contributions:

  • Identification of Key Challenges: The authors discuss the various issues the DHH community faces with current ASR-generated captions, such as handling accents, ambient noise, homophones, and domain-specific terminology.
  • Dataset Development: They curated a dataset that captures real-world challenges, which was instrumental in the evaluation of the caption correction capabilities of the integrated LLMs.
  • Model Evaluation: Diverse models were assessed, with findings indicating that while both Llama2-13B and ChatGPT-3.5 improved caption accuracy, ChatGPT-3.5 performed better overall, particularly in dealing with domain-specific terminology.

Implications and Future Work

The implications of this research are significant for both practical applications and future theoretical explorations in the field of AI. Practically, improving caption quality has the potential to augment accessibility measures for the DHH community across numerous digital platforms. Additionally, the integration of LLMs showcases a viable path toward enhancing ASR systems' utility in delivering accurate captioning services.

The paper also outlines several avenues for future research, such as expanding the dataset to include other platforms beyond YouTube, which could enhance the model's generalizability and applicability. There is a call to explore the integration of multi-modal LLMs to address more complex aspects of human communication, such as understanding intonations and cultural references.

Moreover, the authors suggest potential scalability challenges and target further developments to optimize LLM deployment in low-resource settings. The exploration of augmenting subtitles in extended reality environments such as AR and VR also presents exciting expansions for the application of LLM-enhanced captioning.

In conclusion, the research presents a substantive addition to AI's role in accessibility, providing effective solutions for improving video captioning technology. Such advancements are poised to facilitate more inclusive communication channels, thereby significantly impacting the DHH community's engagement with digital content.