Papers
Topics
Authors
Recent
Gemini 2.5 Flash
Gemini 2.5 Flash
175 tokens/sec
GPT-4o
7 tokens/sec
Gemini 2.5 Pro Pro
42 tokens/sec
o3 Pro
4 tokens/sec
GPT-4.1 Pro
38 tokens/sec
DeepSeek R1 via Azure Pro
28 tokens/sec
2000 character limit reached

On the Secrecy Enhancement of an Integrated Ground-Aerial Network with a Hybrid FSO/THz Feeder Link (2403.16072v1)

Published 24 Mar 2024 in cs.IT, eess.SP, and math.IT

Abstract: High altitude platforms (HAPs)-aided terrestrial-aerial communication technology based on free-space optical (FSO) and Terahertz (THz) feeder links has been attracting notable interest recently due to its great potential in reaching a higher data rate and connectivity. Nonetheless, the presence of harsh vertical propagation environments and potential aerial eavesdroppers are two of the main challenges limiting the reliability and security of such a technology. In this work, a secrecy-enhancing scheme for HAP-aided ground-aerial communication is proposed. The considered network consists of HAP-assisted communication between a ground station and a legitimate user under the threat of an aerial and ground eavesdropper. Thus, the proposed scheme leverages (i) HAP diversity by exploiting the presence of multiple flying HAPs and (ii) the use of a hybrid FSO/THz transmission scheme to offer better resilience against eavesdropping attacks. An analytical secrecy outage probability (SOP) expression is derived for the scheme in consideration. Results manifest the notable gain in security of the proposed scheme with respect to both (i) the single-HAP and (ii) THz feeder-based benchmark ones, where the proposed scheme's SOP is decreased by four orders of magnitude using $4$ HAPs with respect to the first benchmark scheme, while a $5$-dB secrecy gain is manifested with respect to the second benchmark one.

Definition Search Book Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com
References (33)
  1. K. Mershad, H. Dahrouj, H. Sarieddeen, B. Shihada, T. Al-Naffouri, and M.-S. Alouini, “Cloud-enabled high-altitude platform systems: Challenges and opportunities,” Frontiers in Communications and Networks, vol. 2, p. 30, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/frcmn.2021.716265
  2. E. Illi, F. El Bouanani, F. Ayoub, and M.-S. Alouini, “A PHY layer security analysis of a hybrid high throughput satellite with an optical feeder link,” IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc., vol. 1, pp. 713–731, 2020.
  3. F. J. Lopez-Martinez, G. Gomez, and J. M. Garrido-Balsells, “Physical-layer security in free-space optical communications,” IEEE Photonics J., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 1–14, 2015.
  4. P. V. Trinh, A. Carrasco-Casado, A. T. Pham, and M. Toyoshima, “Secrecy analysis of FSO systems considering misalignments and eavesdropper’s location,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 68, no. 12, pp. 7810–7823, 2020.
  5. I. Ahmad, K. D. Nguyen, and N. Letzepis, “Performance analysis of high throughput satellite systems with optical feeder links,” in 2017 IEEE Global Commun. Conf. (GLOBECOM 2017), Dec 2017, pp. 1–7.
  6. E. Zedini, A. Kammoun, and M.-S. Alouini, “Performance of multibeam very high throughput satellite systems based on FSO feeder links with HPA nonlinearity,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 19, no. 9, pp. 5908–5923, Sep. 2020.
  7. J. Liang, A. U. Chaudhry, E. Erdogan, H. Yanikomeroglu, G. K. Kurt, P. Hu, K. Ahmed, and S. Martel, “Free-space optical (FSO) satellite networks performance analysis: Transmission power, latency, and outage probability,” IEEE Open J. Veh. Technol., pp. 1–18, 2023.
  8. J. Kokkoniemi, J. M. Jornet, V. Petrov, Y. Koucheryavy, and M. Juntti, “Channel modeling and performance analysis of airplane-satellite terahertz band communications,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 70, no. 3, pp. 2047–2061, Mar. 2021.
  9. R. Samy, H.-C. Yang, T. Rakia, and M.-S. Alouini, “Space-air-ground fso networks for high-throughput satellite communications,” IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 60, no. 12, pp. 82–87, 2022.
  10. S. R, S. Sharma, N. Vishwakarma, and A. S. Madhukumar, “Haps-based relaying for integrated space–air–ground networks with hybrid fso/rf communication: A performance analysis,” IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 1581–1599, Jun. 2021.
  11. O. B. Yahia, E. Erdogan, G. K. Kurt, I. Altunbas, and H. Yanikomeroglu, “HAPS selection for hybrid RF/FSO satellite networks,” Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 2855–2867, Aug. 2022.
  12. Y. Ma, T. Lv, G. Pan, Y. Chen, and M.-S. Alouini, “On secure uplink transmission in hybrid RF-FSO cooperative satellite-aerial-terrestrial networks,” IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 70, no. 12, pp. 8244–8257, Dec. 2022.
  13. O. B. Yahia, E. Erdogan, G. K. Kurt, I. Altunbas, and H. Yanikomeroglu, “Physical layer security framework for optical non-terrestrial networks,” in 2021 28th Int. Conf. Telecom. (ICT), 2021, pp. 162–166.
  14. O. B. Yahia, E. Erdogan, and G. K. Kurt, “On the use of HAPS to increase secrecy performance in satellite networks,” in Proc. 2021 IEEE Int. Conf. Commun. Wkshps (ICC Workshops), 2021, pp. 1–6.
  15. F. Zhou, X. Li, M. Alazab, R. H. Jhaveri, and K. Guo, “Secrecy performance for RIS-based integrated satellite vehicle networks with a UAV relay and MRC eavesdropping,” IEEE Trans. Intell. Veh., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 1676–1685, 2023.
  16. O. B. Yahia, E. Erdogan, G. K. Kurt, I. Altunbas, and H. Yanikomeroglu, “Optical satellite eavesdropping,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 71, no. 9, pp. 10 126–10 131, 2022.
  17. E. Erdogan, O. B. Yahia, G. K. Kurt, and H. Yanikomeroglu, “Optical HAPS eavesdropping in vertical heterogeneous networks,” IEEE Open J. Veh. Technol., vol. 4, pp. 208–216, 2023.
  18. M. Bouabdellah and F. E. Bouanani, “A PHY layer security of a jamming-based underlay cognitive satellite-terrestrial network,” IEEE Trans. Cogn. Commun. Netw., vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 1266–1279, Dec. 2021.
  19. J. Yuan, G. Chen, M. Wen, R. Tafazolli, and E. Panayirci, “Secure transmission for THz-empowered RIS-assisted non-terrestrial networks,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 72, no. 5, pp. 5989–6000, May 2023.
  20. K. O. Odeyemi and P. A. Owolawi, “A mixed fso/rf integrated satellite-high altitude platform relaying networks for multiple terrestrial users with presence of eavesdropper: A secrecy performance,” Photonics, vol. 9, no. 1, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/9/1/32
  21. T. H. Carbonneau and D. R. Wisely, “Opportunities and challenges for optical wireless: the competitive advantage of free space telecommunications links in today’s crowded marketplace,” in Wireless Technologies and Systems: Millimeter-Wave and Optical, P. Christopher, L. Langston, and G. S. Mecherle, Eds., vol. 3232.   SPIE, 1998, pp. 119 – 128.
  22. ITU, “Prediction methods required for the design of earth-space systems operating between 20 THz and 375 THz,” Recommendation, Tech. Rep. ITU-R p.1622-1, Aug. 2022.
  23. ——, “Technical and operational characteristics of satellites operating in the range 20-375 thz,” Recommendation, Tech. Rep. ITU-R s.1590, Sep. 2002.
  24. F. Nadeem, V. Kvicera, M. S. Awan, E. Leitgeb, S. S. Muhammad, and G. Kandus, “Weather effects on hybrid FSO/RF communication link,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 27, no. 9, pp. 1687–1697, 2009.
  25. M. Alzenad, M. Z. Shakir, H. Yanikomeroglu, and M.-S. Alouini, “FSO-based vertical backhaul/fronthaul framework for 5G+ wireless networks,” IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 218–224, 2018.
  26. ITU, “Specific attenuation model for rain for use in prediction methods,” Recommendation, Tech. Rep. ITU-R p. 838-3, Mar. 2005.
  27. ——, “Attenuation due to clouds and fog,” Recommendation, Tech. Rep. ITU-R p.840-7, Dec. 2017.
  28. A. A. Farid and S. Hranilovic, “Outage capacity optimization for free-space optical links with pointing errors,” J. Lightwa. Technol., vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 1702–1710, July 2007.
  29. I. S. Ansari, F. Yilmaz, and M.-S. Alouini, “Performance analysis of free-space optical links over Málaga (ℳℳ\mathcal{M}caligraphic_M) turbulence channels with pointing errors,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 91–102, 2016.
  30. A. Abdi, W. Lau, M.-S. Alouini, and M. Kaveh, “A new simple model for land mobile satellite channels: first- and second-order statistics,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 519–528, 2003.
  31. A. D. Wyner, “The wire-tap channel,” The Bell System Technical Journal, vol. 54, no. 8, pp. 1355–1387, Oct. 1975.
  32. E. Illi, F. El Bouanani, D. B. da Costa, P. C. Sofotasios, F. Ayoub, K. Mezher, and S. Muhaidat, “Physical layer security of a dual-hop regenerative mixed RF/UOW system,” IEEE Trans. Sustain. Comput., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 90–104, 2021.
  33. ITU, “Attenuation by atmospheric gases and related effects,” Recommendation, Tech. Rep. ITU-R p.676-13, Aug. 2022.

Summary

We haven't generated a summary for this paper yet.

Ai Sparkles Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com Summarize Now
X Twitter Logo Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com

Tweets