The magnetic dual chiral density wave phase in a rotating cold quark matter (2306.04472v2)

Abstract: The effect of rotation on the formation of the magnetic dual chiral density wave (\MD) in a dense and magnetized cold quark matter is studied. This phase is supposed to exist in the extreme conditions prevailing, e.g., in a neutron star. These conditions are, apart from high densities and strong magnetic fields, a relatively large angular velocity. To answer the question of whether the rotation enhances or suppresses the formation of this phase, we first determine the effect of rotation on the energy dispersion relation of a fermionic system in the presence of a constant magnetic field and then focus on the thermodynamic potential of the model at low temperature $T$ and finite chemical potential $\mu$. The thermodynamic potential consists, in particular, of an anomalous part leading to certain topological effects. We show that in comparison with the nonrotating case, a term proportional to the angular velocity appears in this anomalous potential. We then solve the corresponding gap equations to the chiral and spatial modulation condensates, and study the dependence of these dynamical variables on the chemical potential ($\mu$), magnetic field ($eB$), and angular velocity ($\Omega$). It turns out that the interplay between these parameters suppresses the formation of the \MD~phase in relevant regimes for cold neutron stars. This is interpreted as the manifestation of the inverse magnetorotational catalysis, which is also reflected in the phase portraits $eB$-$\mu$, $eB$-$\Omega R$, and $\mu$-$\Omega R$, explored in this work.