On the $σ$-Pair Correlation Density of Quadratic Sequences Modulo One (2203.06266v1)

Abstract: In this note we study the $\sigma$-pair correlation density \begin{equation*}R_2^\sigma([a,b], { \theta_n }n, N)= \frac{1}{N^{2-\sigma}} # \big { 1 \leq j \neq k \leq N \, \big| \, \theta{j} - \theta_{k} \in \big [ \frac{a}{N^\sigma},\frac{b}{N^\sigma} \big ]+ \mathbb Z \big } \end{equation*} of a sequence ${ \theta_n}_n$ that is equidistributed modulo one for $0 \leq \sigma <2$. The case $\sigma=1$ is commonly referred to as the pair correlation density and the sequence ${ n^2 \alpha }_n$ has been of special interest due to its connection to a conjecture of Berry and Tabor on the energy levels of generic completely integrable systems. We prove that if $\alpha$ is Diophantine of type $3-\epsilon$ for every $\epsilon>0$, then for any $0 \leq \sigma <1$ \begin{align*} \mathrm R_2^\sigma([a,b], { \alpha n^2 }_n, N) \to b-a, \text{ as } N \to \infty. \end{align*} In this case, we say that the sequence exhibits $\sigma$-pair correlation. In addition to this, we show that for any $0 \leq \sigma < \frac{1}{4}(9 -\sqrt{17})=1.21922...$ there is a set of full Lebesgue measure such that the sequence ${ \alpha n^2 }_n$ exhibits $\sigma$-pair correlation.