Bruhat inversions in Weyl groups and torsion-free classes over preprojective algebras

Abstract: For an element $w$ of the simply-laced Weyl group, Buan-Iyama-Reiten-Scott defined a subcategory $\mathcal{F}(w)$ of a module category over a preprojective algebra of Dynkin type. This paper aims at studying categorical properties of $\mathcal{F}(w)$ via its connection with the root system. We show that by taking dimension vectors, simple objects in $\mathcal{F}(w)$ bijectively correspond to Bruhat inversion roots of $w$. As an application, we obtain a combinatorial criterion for $\mathcal{F}(w)$ to satisfy the Jordan-H\"older property (JHP). To achieve this, we develop a method to find simple objects in a general torsion-free class by using a brick sequence associated to a maximal green sequence of it. For type A case, we give a diagrammatic construction of simple objects, and show that (JHP) can be characterized via a forest-like permutation, introduced by Bousquet-M\'elou and Butler in the study of Schubert varieties.