Papers
Topics
Authors
Recent
Gemini 2.5 Flash
Gemini 2.5 Flash
169 tokens/sec
GPT-4o
7 tokens/sec
Gemini 2.5 Pro Pro
45 tokens/sec
o3 Pro
4 tokens/sec
GPT-4.1 Pro
38 tokens/sec
DeepSeek R1 via Azure Pro
28 tokens/sec
2000 character limit reached

Aggregation via Separation: Boosting Facial Landmark Detector with Semi-Supervised Style Translation (1908.06440v1)

Published 18 Aug 2019 in cs.CV

Abstract: Facial landmark detection, or face alignment, is a fundamental task that has been extensively studied. In this paper, we investigate a new perspective of facial landmark detection and demonstrate it leads to further notable improvement. Given that any face images can be factored into space of style that captures lighting, texture and image environment, and a style-invariant structure space, our key idea is to leverage disentangled style and shape space of each individual to augment existing structures via style translation. With these augmented synthetic samples, our semi-supervised model surprisingly outperforms the fully-supervised one by a large margin. Extensive experiments verify the effectiveness of our idea with state-of-the-art results on WFLW, 300W, COFW, and AFLW datasets. Our proposed structure is general and could be assembled into any face alignment frameworks. The code is made publicly available at https://github.com/thesouthfrog/stylealign.

Citations (58)

Summary

  • The paper presents a novel framework that disentangles style and structure, using semi-supervised style translation to enhance facial landmark detection.
  • It leverages a conditional variational auto-encoder to generate synthetic images, achieving state-of-the-art performance on benchmarks like WFLW and 300W.
  • Experimental results demonstrate reduced mean error and failure rates, and the re-annotated AFLW dataset adds valuable diversity for robust model evaluation.

Boosting Facial Landmark Detection with Semi-Supervised Style Translation

The paper "Aggregation via Separation: Boosting Facial Landmark Detector with Semi-Supervised Style Translation" presents a novel methodology for enhancing facial landmark detection, a crucial aspect in various facial analysis tasks such as recognition, 3D reconstruction, and tracking. The authors propose an innovative approach by disentangling style and structural components of facial images to boost existing models through style translation and semi-supervised learning strategies.

The proposed framework begins with the assumption that facial images can be decomposed into two fundamental aspects: style space and structure space. The style space encodes environmental factors such as lighting and texture, while the structure space captures the inherent facial geometry. By leveraging a conditional variational auto-encoder model, the researchers achieve a disentangled representation of these components, allowing for the generation of a diversified set of synthetic images through style translation.

A pivotal claim of this research is that synthetic data generated via style augmentation can lead to superior performance compared to fully supervised models trained solely on real images. This is particularly valuable in scenarios where annotated data is scarce. Extensive experimentation validates this claim, showcasing significant improvements in landmark detection accuracy across several benchmark datasets such as WFLW, 300W, COFW, and AFLW.

The model significantly outperforms prior state-of-the-art methods, indicating its robustness across different facial environmental conditions. For instance, the approach reduces normalized mean error rates and failure rates substantially on challenging test sets, demonstrating its effectiveness in reconstructing style-invariant facial structures.

One of the paper's contributions is the introduction of a re-annotated AFLW dataset with 68-point landmarks, offering a rich benchmark for assessing models under wide-ranging pose and appearance variations. This dataset could serve as a valuable resource for future research endeavors aiming to tackle pose variations more efficiently.

The implications of this research are multifaceted. Theoretically, it advances understanding in the decomposition of facial images into style and structure, promoting a more nuanced view of image augmentation beyond conventional data augmentation techniques. Practically, this approach can be integrated into existing frameworks, offering a plug-and-play augmentation strategy that significantly enhances model robustness without additional annotated data.

As future developments in AI and computer vision emerge, the integration of disentanglement and style translation methods holds promise for other structured tasks beyond facial landmark detection. Exploring the adaptability of these techniques to other domains with complex background variations or environmental shifts could pave the way for broad advancements in semi-supervised learning paradigms.

Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive analysis and robust framework for facial landmark detection, underscoring the potential of semi-supervised style translation in advancing facial analysis systems. The codebase shared by the authors further supports reproducibility and encourages further exploration and refinement by the broader research community.