Papers
Topics
Authors
Recent
Gemini 2.5 Flash
Gemini 2.5 Flash
102 tokens/sec
GPT-4o
59 tokens/sec
Gemini 2.5 Pro Pro
43 tokens/sec
o3 Pro
6 tokens/sec
GPT-4.1 Pro
50 tokens/sec
DeepSeek R1 via Azure Pro
28 tokens/sec
2000 character limit reached

Ontology Reasoning with Deep Neural Networks (1808.07980v4)

Published 24 Aug 2018 in cs.AI

Abstract: The ability to conduct logical reasoning is a fundamental aspect of intelligent human behavior, and thus an important problem along the way to human-level artificial intelligence. Traditionally, logic-based symbolic methods from the field of knowledge representation and reasoning have been used to equip agents with capabilities that resemble human logical reasoning qualities. More recently, however, there has been an increasing interest in using machine learning rather than logic-based symbolic formalisms to tackle these tasks. In this paper, we employ state-of-the-art methods for training deep neural networks to devise a novel model that is able to learn how to effectively perform logical reasoning in the form of basic ontology reasoning. This is an important and at the same time very natural logical reasoning task, which is why the presented approach is applicable to a plethora of important real-world problems. We present the outcomes of several experiments, which show that our model is able to learn to perform highly accurate ontology reasoning on very large, diverse, and challenging benchmarks. Furthermore, it turned out that the suggested approach suffers much less from different obstacles that prohibit logic-based symbolic reasoning, and, at the same time, is surprisingly plausible from a biological point of view.

User Edit Pencil Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com
Authors (2)
  1. Patrick Hohenecker (3 papers)
  2. Thomas Lukasiewicz (125 papers)
Citations (72)

Summary

Ontology Reasoning with Deep Neural Networks

The paper by Hohenecker and Lukasiewicz explores the intersection of ontology reasoning and deep neural networks, presenting a novel approach that employs neural networks to tackle complex reasoning tasks over ontologies. Ontologies, which facilitate the modeling of domain knowledge, are traditionally processed using logic-based reasoners. These reasoners excel in delivering precise and explainable results but often suffer from scalability issues when handling large, complex datasets.

Core Contributions

The authors propose a method leveraging deep neural networks to enhance ontology reasoning by integrating subsymbolic processing with symbolic logic. This hybrid model is designed to efficiently manage vast ontological structures while preserving the reasoning capacity intrinsic to logical models.

Key aspects of the methodology include:

  • The embedding of ontological elements into continuous vector spaces, allowing neural networks to process ontological structures efficiently.
  • Neural architectures such as LSTMs and CNNs to infer and deduce logical relationships between ontological entities.
  • Evaluation of the model's performance using standard reasoning tasks, demonstrating competitive or superior results compared to logic-based reasoners, particularly in scalability aspects.

Numerical Results

Empirical evaluations reveal that the proposed neural-network-based reasoners achieve significant improvements in inference speed, underscoring their advantage in handling large-scale ontologies. The experiments show a reduction in computational time while maintaining accuracy, which highlights the practical scalability of the model.

Theoretical Implications

From a theoretical viewpoint, the paper opens avenues for rethinking ontology reasoning through the lens of machine learning and neural processing. The approach provides a framework for other researchers to explore the confluence of deep learning techniques and symbolic reasoning, suggesting that neural networks can complement traditional logic-based systems.

Practical Implications

Practically, this research implicates advancements in domains where ontologies are critical, such as biomedical research, semantic web services, and knowledge engineering. The ability to swiftly infer complex relationships within extensive datasets can enhance real-world applications requiring ontological processing.

Speculation on Future AI Developments

Future developments might focus on refining these models for even greater efficiency and accuracy, potentially by leveraging advancements in neural architectures or exploring novel embeddings for ontological data. The field may also see increased fusion between symbolic and subsymbolic AI strategies, fostering robust systems capable of nuanced understanding and reasoning.

In summary, this paper contributes valuable insights into the potential for neural networks to advance ontology reasoning. It invites further exploration into hybrid reasoning models, providing evidence of scalability and effectiveness in handling complex datasets. The integration of neural network techniques into domain-specific reasoning tasks represents a promising stride in AI research, paving the way for innovative applications in knowledge-intensive industries.

Youtube Logo Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com