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Ranking spreaders by decomposing complex networks (1204.4497v1)

Published 19 Apr 2012 in physics.soc-ph, cs.SI, and physics.comp-ph

Abstract: Ranking the nodes' ability for spreading in networks is a fundamental problem which relates to many real applications such as information and disease control. In the previous literatures, a network decomposition procedure called k-shell method has been shown to effectively identify the most influential spreaders. In this paper, we find that the k-shell method have some limitations when it is used to rank all the nodes in the network. We also find that these limitations are due to considering only the links between the remaining nodes (residual degree) while entirely ignoring all the links connecting to the removed nodes (exhausted degree) when decomposing the networks. Accordingly, we propose a mixed degree decomposition (MDD) procedure in which both the residual degree and the exhausted degree are considered. By simulating the epidemic process on the real networks, we show that the MDD method can outperform the k-shell and the degree methods in ranking spreaders. Finally, the influence of the network structure on the performance of the MDD method is discussed.

Citations (357)

Summary

  • The paper introduces the Mixed Degree Decomposition (MDD) method as an innovative enhancement over k-shell by incorporating both residual and exhausted degrees.
  • It employs simulations on diverse real-world networks using SIR models and Kendall's tau to demonstrate the superior accuracy of the MDD approach.
  • The method’s tunable parameter λ offers adaptive control for dynamic network environments, enhancing strategies in epidemic control and information spread.

Evaluating Node Influence in Complex Networks: A Comparative Analysis of the k-Shell and MDD Methods

In this paper, the authors address the fundamental challenge of ranking the spreading ability of nodes within complex networks. Current methodologies, such as the k-shell decomposition, lend themselves to certain limitations when ranking nodes in terms of their influence within a network. The authors identify these limitations as primarily stemming from the method's exclusive focus on the residual degree—ignoring linkages to removed nodes—and propose an enhancement termed the Mixed Degree Decomposition (MDD) method. This alternative approach considers both the residual and exhausted degrees, purportedly offering a more nuanced evaluation of node spreadability. They provide empirical validation via simulations on real-world networks, showcasing that the MDD method yields superior performance compared to traditional methods.

The k-shell method's deficiencies manifest notably when different nodes, which have varied impacts on network spreading, are ascribed the same rank. This paper critiques the k-shell's blanket ranking, which often fails to accommodate the intricate network dynamics, like tree networks and Barabási-Albert networks, where nodes may have significantly disparate impacts. By integrating exhausted degrees, the MDD method rectifies this oversimplified assessment of node influence.

Simulations of epidemic processes on both social and nonsocial networks validate the efficacy of the MDD approach. Important metrics such as Kendall's tau are used to objectively compare the ranking correlations between k-shell, degree centrality, and MDD methods against real-world spreading data observed in a SIR model. Remarkably, the MDD method consistently outperforms the other methods regarding accuracy, specifically in the diverse network topologies examined.

The paper's results suggest that the MDD can provide a rich differentiation amongst nodes, achieved through introducing the tunable parameter λ. This parameter allows for refined control over the weighting given to the exhausted degree and thus enhances adaptive utilization across various network types. An optimal value of λ for each network emerges empirically, presenting an opportunity for further exploration into auto-tuning mechanisms for dynamic network environments.

There are notable implications of this research in both theoretical and practical fields. From a theoretical standpoint, the enhanced granularity of node ranking introduces a deeper understanding of network dynamics and spreading phenomena. Practically, the improved accuracy of node influence rankings offered by the MDD method can inform strategies for both controlling unwanted spreading, such as in disease prevention, and enhancing desired dissemination, such as information flow optimization.

Future work may focus on exploring the computational complexity of the MDD method and its scalability to very large networks, a critical aspect given the ever-growing size of real-world networks. Additionally, further paper into how network structural properties influence the optimal parameter λ could provide insights into network design and intervention strategies.

In conclusion, this paper offers a significant refinement to the conventional k-shell method by introducing the MDD, which markedly enhances the accuracy of ranking node spreadability in complex networks. As networks continue to serve as pivotal infrastructure across disciplines, advancements in our ability to analyze and understand their dynamics remain critical.