A Semi-Lagrangian scheme for Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions (2503.20283v1)

Abstract: We study the numerical approximation of time-dependent, possibly degenerate, second-order Hamilton-Jacobi-BeLLMan equations in bounded domains with nonhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions. It is well known that convergence towards the exact solution of the equation, considered here in the viscosity sense, holds if the scheme is monotone, consistent, and stable. While standard finite difference schemes are, in general, not monotone, the so-called semi-Lagrangian schemes are monotone by construction. On the other hand, these schemes make use of a wide stencil and, when the equation is set in a bounded domain, this typically causes an overstepping of the boundary and hence the loss of consistency. We propose here a semi-Lagrangian scheme defined on an unstructured mesh, with a suitable treatment at grid points near the boundary to preserve consistency, and show its convergence for problems where the viscosity solution can even be discontinuous. We illustrate the numerical convergence in several tests, including degenerate and first-order equations.