Counting the number of $\mathcal{O}_{K}$-fixed points of a discrete dynamical system with applications from arithmetic statistics, II (2503.11393v2)
Abstract: In this follow-up paper, we again study a surprising connection between the set of fixed points of a polynomial map $\varphi_{d, c}$ defined by $\varphi_{d, c}(z) = zd + c$ for all $c, z \in \mathcal{O}{K}$ and the coefficient $c$, where $K$ is any number field of degree $n>1$ and $d>2$ an integer. As in \cite{BK1}, we wish to study counting problems which are inspired by exciting advances in arithmetic statistics, and also partly by a point-counting result of Narkiewicz on real $K$-periodic points of any $\varphi{p{\ell}, c}$ in arithmetic dynamics. In doing so, we prove that for any given prime integer $p\geq 3$ and any integer $\ell \geq 1$, the average number of distinct integral fixed points of any $\varphi_{p{\ell}, c}$ modulo a prime ideal $p\mathcal{O}{K}$ where $K$ is a real algebraic number field of any degree $n\geq 2$ is $3$ or $0$, as $p$ tends to infinity. Motivated further by a $K$-rational periodic point-counting result of Benedetto on any $\varphi{(p-1){\ell}, c}$ for any given prime integer $p\geq 5$ and $\ell \in \mathbb{Z}{+}$ in arithmetic dynamics, we then also prove unconditionally that the average number of distinct integral fixed points of any $\varphi_{(p-1){\ell}, c}$ modulo a prime ideal $p\mathcal{O}{K}$ where $K$ is any number field (not necessarily real) of degree $n\geq 2$ is $1$ or $2$ or $0$, as $p$ tends to infinity. Finally, we then apply counting and statistical results from arithmetic statistics to then deduce here several counting and statistical results; and among them includes applying here a more recent number field-counting result of Oliver Lemke-Thorne to bound above the number of number fields $K{f}$ of degree $m:= np{\ell}$ over $\mathbb{Q}$ with bounded discriminant; and similarly also bound above the number of number fields $L_{g}$ of degree $r:= n(p-1){\ell}$ over $\mathbb{Q}$ with bounded discriminant.