Exploring Nutritional Impact on Alzheimer's Mortality: An Explainable AI Approach (2405.17502v1)
Abstract: This article uses ML and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) techniques to investigate the relationship between nutritional status and mortality rates associated with Alzheimers disease (AD). The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) database is employed for analysis. The random forest model is selected as the base model for XAI analysis, and the Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) method is used to assess feature importance. The results highlight significant nutritional factors such as serum vitamin B12 and glycated hemoglobin. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of random forests in predicting AD mortality compared to other diseases. This research provides insights into the impact of nutrition on AD and contributes to a deeper understanding of disease progression.
- P.-N. Wang, C.-L. Yang, K.-N. Lin, W.-T. Chen, L.-C. Chwang, and H.-C. Liu, “Weight loss, nutritional status and physical activity in patients with alzheimer’s disease: a controlled study,” Journal of neurology, vol. 251, pp. 314–320, 2004.
- M. E. Soto, M. Secher, S. Gillette-Guyonnet, G. A. van Kan, S. Andrieu, F. Nourhashemi, Y. Rolland, and B. Vellas, “Weight loss and rapid cognitive decline in community-dwelling patients with alzheimer’s disease,” Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 647–654, 2012.
- P. Barberger-Gateau, C. Raffaitin, L. Letenneur, C. Berr, C. Tzourio, J.-F. Dartigues, and A. Alpérovitch, “Dietary patterns and risk of dementia: the three-city cohort study,” Neurology, vol. 69, no. 20, pp. 1921–1930, 2007.
- K. G. Losonczy, T. B. Harris, and R. J. Havlik, “Vitamin e and vitamin c supplement use and risk of all-cause and coronary heart disease mortality in older persons: the established populations for epidemiologic studies of the elderly,” The American journal of clinical nutrition, vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 190–196, 1996.
- K. Steenland, K. Sieber, R. A. Etzel, T. Pechacek, and K. Maurer, “Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and risk factors for heart disease among never smokers in the third national health and nutrition examination survey,” American Journal of Epidemiology, vol. 147, no. 10, pp. 932–939, 1998.
- M. Ospina-Romero, M. M. Glymour, E. Hayes-Larson, E. R. Mayeda, R. E. Graff, W. D. Brenowitz, S. F. Ackley, J. S. Witte, and L. C. Kobayashi, “Association between alzheimer disease and cancer with evaluation of study biases: a systematic review and meta-analysis,” JAMA Network Open, vol. 3, no. 11, pp. e2025515–e2025515, 2020.
- Z. Liu, E. J. Paek, S. O. Yoon, D. Casenhiser, W. Zhou, and X. Zhao, “Detecting alzheimer’s disease using natural language processing of referential communication task transcripts,” Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, no. Preprint, pp. 1–14.
- E. I. Delgado, R. G. Ríos, M. A. Calvo, I. R. Gento, A. C. Sanz, R. R. Herrero, M. R. Sanz, and M. Tola-Arribas, “Nutritional status assessment in alzheimer disease and its influence on disease progression,” Neurología (English Edition), vol. 37, no. 9, pp. 735–747, 2022.
- R. Shah, “The role of nutrition and diet in alzheimer disease: a systematic review,” Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 398–402, 2013.
- V. Bordin, D. Coluzzi, M. W. Rivolta, and G. Baselli, “Explainable ai points to white matter hyperintensities for alzheimer’s disease identification: a preliminary study,” in 2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC), pp. 484–487, IEEE, 2022.
- M. S. Kamal, A. Northcote, L. Chowdhury, N. Dey, R. G. Crespo, and E. Herrera-Viedma, “Alzheimer’s patient analysis using image and gene expression data and explainable-ai to present associated genes,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 70, pp. 1–7, 2021.
- C. for disease control and prevention, “1988–1994 national health and nutrition examination survey data.,” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
- C. for disease control and prevention, “Nhanes iii (1988-1994),” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
- S. M. Lundberg and S.-I. Lee, “A unified approach to interpreting model predictions,” Advances in neural information processing systems, vol. 30, 2017.
- M. Wynn and A. Wynn, “The danger of b12 deficiency in the elderly,” Nutrition and health, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 215–226, 1998.
- L. Frölich, D. Blum-Degen, H.-G. Bernstein, S. Engelsberger, J. Humrich, S. Laufer, D. Muschner, A. Thalheimer, A. Türk, S. Hoyer, et al., “Brain insulin and insulin receptors in aging and sporadic alzheimer’s disease,” Journal of neural transmission, vol. 105, pp. 423–438, 1998.
- Y. Li, Y. Li, L. Meng, and L. Zheng, “Association between serum c-peptide as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in nondiabetic individuals,” PLoS One, vol. 10, no. 1, p. e112281, 2015.
- Z. Che, S. Purushotham, K. Cho, D. Sontag, and Y. Liu, “Recurrent neural networks for multivariate time series with missing values,” Scientific reports, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 6085, 2018.