Papers
Topics
Authors
Recent
Gemini 2.5 Flash
Gemini 2.5 Flash
169 tokens/sec
GPT-4o
7 tokens/sec
Gemini 2.5 Pro Pro
45 tokens/sec
o3 Pro
4 tokens/sec
GPT-4.1 Pro
38 tokens/sec
DeepSeek R1 via Azure Pro
28 tokens/sec
2000 character limit reached

Automatic Speech Recognition using Advanced Deep Learning Approaches: A survey (2403.01255v2)

Published 2 Mar 2024 in cs.SD, cs.AI, eess.AS, and eess.SP

Abstract: Recent advancements in deep learning (DL) have posed a significant challenge for automatic speech recognition (ASR). ASR relies on extensive training datasets, including confidential ones, and demands substantial computational and storage resources. Enabling adaptive systems improves ASR performance in dynamic environments. DL techniques assume training and testing data originate from the same domain, which is not always true. Advanced DL techniques like deep transfer learning (DTL), federated learning (FL), and reinforcement learning (RL) address these issues. DTL allows high-performance models using small yet related datasets, FL enables training on confidential data without dataset possession, and RL optimizes decision-making in dynamic environments, reducing computation costs. This survey offers a comprehensive review of DTL, FL, and RL-based ASR frameworks, aiming to provide insights into the latest developments and aid researchers and professionals in understanding the current challenges. Additionally, transformers, which are advanced DL techniques heavily used in proposed ASR frameworks, are considered in this survey for their ability to capture extensive dependencies in the input ASR sequence. The paper starts by presenting the background of DTL, FL, RL, and Transformers and then adopts a well-designed taxonomy to outline the state-of-the-art approaches. Subsequently, a critical analysis is conducted to identify the strengths and weaknesses of each framework. Additionally, a comparative study is presented to highlight the existing challenges, paving the way for future research opportunities.

Definition Search Book Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com
References (2)
Citations (27)

Summary

  • The paper demonstrates how deep transfer learning mitigates data scarcity and enhances ASR accuracy across diverse acoustic environments.
  • The paper highlights federated learning's role in securing private speech data while enabling personalized model adaptation.
  • The paper explains how reinforcement learning and transformer integration optimize decision-making and capture linguistic nuances to advance ASR efficiency.

Exploring the Horizon: Advanced Deep Learning Techniques in Automatic Speech Recognition

Introduction to Advanced DL Techniques in ASR

The evolution of Deep Learning (DL) methodologies has markedly nudged Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) towards significant milestones. Classic ASR systems, traditionally burdened with the need for voluminous training datasets and substantial computational resources, are witnessing transformative advancements. These come in the form of Deep Transfer Learning (DTL), Federated Learning (FL), and Reinforcement Learning (RL), each addressing distinct challenges and bottlenecks entrenched within traditional ASR frameworks. This synopsis delineates the contribution of these advanced DL techniques to ASR, underscoring developments that promise to refine performance and computational efficacy.

Deep Transfer Learning (DTL) in ASR

DTL emerges as a notable solution to data scarcity and domain mismatch issues, enhancing ASR by leveraging pre-trained models. This methodology allows for exploiting related, albeit smaller datasets, thereby broadening the model's applicability and accuracy. DTL facilitates domain adaptation (DA), enabling models to generalize across varying linguistic and acoustic environments. It addresses the inherent complexity of model training, mitigating the issue of extensive data prerequisites. Moreover, DTL's versatility in ASR applications, including both Acoustic Model (AM) and LLM (LM) domains, highlights its substantial impact on improving speech recognition accuracy.

Federated Learning (FL) and Privacy Preservation in ASR

FL introduces a paradigm shift, focusing on privacy preservation and model personalization in ASR. By decentralizing data processing, FL ensures that sensitive speech data remains on the user's device, significantly enhancing data security and privacy. This approach not merely contributes to the robustness of ASR systems against adversarial attacks but also promotes the development of personalized ASR models. However, challenges such as handling non-IID data distributions and scalability issues necessitate further exploration to fully harness FL's potential in ASR.

Reinforcement Learning (RL) for Optimized Decision-making in ASR

RL presents a strategic framework for optimizing ASR systems in dynamic environments. By iteratively adjusting decisions based on feedback, RL aims to refine ASR models for enhanced performance. Although encountering hurdles such as sparse reward distribution and the need for large volumes of interaction data, RL's promise in dynamic optimization opens new avenues for ASR enhancement. Future explorations into diverse RL techniques, including policy gradient and Q-learning, are anticipated to further enrich ASR methodologies.

The Advent of Transformers and LLMs in ASR

Transformers and LLMs offer remarkable capabilities in capturing extensive dependencies within speech sequences. Their integration into ASR systems is envisaged to tremendously boost both AM and LM components, leveraging their ability to process and generate language. The adaptation of these advanced models through DTL, combined with DA techniques, holds the potential to significantly elevate ASR systems' efficiency and accuracy.

Conclusion and Future Trajectories

The advent of advanced DL techniques heralds a new era in ASR development, promising to overcome longstanding challenges and unlock new potentials. While DTL, FL, and RL each contribute uniquely to the advancement of ASR, the integration of transformers and LLMs foretells further enhancements, particularly in capturing linguistic nuances and improving model adaptability. Future research directions, focusing on overcoming existing challenges and exploring innovative applications of these advanced techniques, are crucial for realizing the transformative impact of DL on ASR. The journey towards refined, efficient, and privacy-preserving ASR systems continues, with advanced DL techniques paving the way for unprecedented advancements in human-machine interaction.