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Internet of Harvester Nano Things: A Future Prospects (2401.00346v2)

Published 30 Dec 2023 in eess.SP

Abstract: The advancements in nanotechnology, material science, and electrical engineering have shrunk the sizes of electronic devices down to the micro/nanoscale. This brings the opportunity of developing the Internet of Nano Things (IoNT), an extension of the Internet of Things (IoT). With nanodevices, numerous new possibilities emerge in the biomedical, military fields, and industrial products. However, a continuous energy supply is mandatory for these devices to work. At the micro/nanoscale, batteries cannot supply this demand due to size limitations and the limited energy contained in the batteries. Internet of Harvester Nano Things (IoHNT), a concept of Energy Harvesting (EH) integrated with wireless power transmission (WPT) techniques, converts the existing different energy sources into electrical energy and transmits to IoNT nodes. As IoHNTs are not directly attached to IoNTs, it gives flexibility in size. However, we define the size of IoHNTs as up to 10 cm. In this review, we comprehensively investigate the available energy sources and EH principles to wirelessly power IoNTs. We discuss the IoHNT principles, material selections, and state-of-the-art applications of each energy source for different sectoral applications. The different technologies of WPT and how communication is influenced by the incorporation of IoHNTs to power IoNTs are discussed with the future research directions. IoHNTs represent a shift in the nanodevice power supply, leading us towards a future where wireless technology is widespread. Hence, it will motivate researchers to envision and contribute to advancing the following power revolution in IoNT, providing unmatched simplicity and efficiency.

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Summary

  • The paper reviews the integration of energy harvesting (EH) and wireless power transfer (WPT) to address significant energy limitations in Internet of Nano Things (IoNT) devices.
  • This integration enables the development of Internet of Harvester Nano Things (IoHNT) for continuous operation, expanding IoNT applications in fields like healthcare and environmental monitoring.
  • The study lays groundwork for future research into sustainable nano-communication networks and prompts exploration of new EH and WPT methods.

Internet of Harvester Nano Things: A Review of Energy Harvesting and Wireless Power Transfer Integration

The review paper titled "Internet of Harvester Nano Things: A Future Prospects" provides an in-depth analysis of the potential integration of energy harvesting (EH) techniques and wireless power transfer (WPT) systems to advance the field of the Internet of Nano Things (IoNT). The authors argue that this integration can lead to the development of Internet of Harvester Nano Things (IoHNT) devices, which offer continuous operation and address the substantial energy limitations associated with traditional battery-powered IoNT systems.

The IoNT, while promising in various applications including healthcare and military operations, faces significant energy constraints that hinder its widespread deployment. Traditional battery solutions are inadequate due to the scale and operational demands of nano devices. The paper discusses multiple EH methods, such as photovoltaic cells, piezoelectric generators, and thermoelectric generators, which can convert ambient energy into usable electrical power. Coupling these methodologies with WPT technologies, which can wirelessly supply energy over a distance, provides a comprehensive approach to overcoming the energy challenges in IoNT networks.

The authors provide a thorough review of existing EH techniques and WPT systems, highlighting their potential to sustain IoNT devices through continuous power supply, thus ensuring reliable communication and efficient network operations. This approach is pivotal as it suggests a way forward for implementation in real-world scenarios, expanding the practical applications of IoNT in areas such as environmental monitoring, where consistent energy supply is critical.

The paper suggests that the deployment of IoHNT could lead to significant advancements by removing current energy constraints, which in turn could stimulate further innovation and application in real-world Internet of Things (IoT) environments. Furthermore, it discusses the implications of these advancements on the efficiency and longevity of IoNT networks, laying the groundwork for future research into more sustainable and autonomous nano-communication systems.

The findings may not only propel the practical application of IoNT but may also prompt further exploration into new EH and WPT methods, encouraging advancements in nanotechnology, energy systems, and communication engineering. As such, this paper serves as a foundational reference for researchers focused on enhancing the efficiency and sustainability of nano-scale communication networks. Future developments in IoHNT could emphasize improving the efficiency of conversion technologies and integrating these systems with existing communication frameworks for broader implementation.

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