On the perverse filtration of the moduli spaces of 1-dimensional sheaves on $\mathbb{P}^2$ and P=C conjecture (2312.17035v1)

Abstract: Let $M(d,\chi)$ be the moduli space of semistable 1-dimensional sheaves supported at curves of degree $d$ on $\mathbb{P}^2$, with Euler characteristic $\chi$. We have the Hilbert-Chow morphism $\pi: M(d,\chi)\rightarrow |dH|$ sending each sheaf to its support. We study the perverse filtration on $H^*(M(d,\chi),\mathbb{Q})$ via map $\pi$, especially the P=C conjecture posed by Kononov-Pi-Shen. We show that P=C conjecture holds for $H^{*\leq 4}(M(d,\chi),\mathbb{Q})$ for any $d\geq 4$, $(d,\chi)=1$. The main strategy is to relate $M(d,\chi)$ to the Hilbert scheme $S^{[n]}$ of $n$-points and transfer the problem to some properties on $H^*(S^{[n]},\mathbb{Q})$. We use induction on $n$ to achieve the desired properties. Our proof involves some complicated calculations.