Bright traveling breathers in media with long-range, nonconvex dispersion (2309.09001v3)

Abstract: The existence and properties of envelope solitary waves on a periodic, traveling wave background, called traveling breathers, are investigated numerically in representative nonlocal dispersive media. Using a fixed point computational scheme, a space-time boundary value problem for bright traveling breather solutions is solved for the weakly nonlinear Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation, a nonlocal, regularized shallow water wave model, and the strongly nonlinear conduit equation, a nonlocal model of viscous core-annular flows. Curves of unit-mean traveling breather solutions within a three-dimensional parameter space are obtained. Resonance due to nonconvex, rational linear dispersion leads to a nonzero oscillatory background upon which traveling breathers propagate. These solutions exhibit a topological phase jump, so act as defects within the periodic background. For small amplitudes, traveling breathers are well-approximated by bright soliton solutions of the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation with a negligibly small periodic background. These solutions are numerically continued into the large amplitude regime as elevation defects on cnoidal or cnoidal-like periodic traveling wave backgrounds. This study of bright traveling breathers provides insight into systems with nonconvex, nonlocal dispersion that occur in a variety of media such as internal oceanic waves subject to rotation and short, intense optical pulses.