Scalable Bilevel Optimization for Generating Maximally Representative OPF Datasets (2304.10912v2)

Abstract: New generations of power systems, containing high shares of renewable energy resources, require improved data-driven tools which can swiftly adapt to changes in system operation. Many of these tools, such as ones using machine learning, rely on high-quality training datasets to construct probabilistic models. Such models should be able to accurately represent the system when operating at its limits (i.e., operating with a high degree of active constraints"). However, generating training datasets that accurately represent the many possible combinations of these active constraints is a particularly challenging task, especially within the realm of nonlinear AC Optimal Power Flow (OPF), since most active constraints cannot be enforced explicitly. Using bilevel optimization, this paper introduces a data collection routine that sequentially solves for OPF solutions which areoptimally far" from previously acquired voltage, power, and load profile data points. The routine, termed RAMBO, samples critical data close to a system's boundaries much more effectively than a random sampling benchmark. Simulated test results are collected on the 30-, 57-, and 118-bus PGLib test cases.