Monodromy of four dimensional irreducible compatible systems of Q (2208.04004v2)

Abstract: Let $F$ be a totally real field and $n\leq 4$ a natural number. We study the monodromy groups of any $n$-dimensional strictly compatible system ${\rho_\lambda}\lambda$ of $\lambda$-adic representations of $F$ with distinct Hodge-Tate numbers such that $\rho{\lambda_0}$ is irreducible for some $\lambda_0$. When $F=\mathbb{Q}$, $n=4$, and $\rho_{\lambda_0}$ is fully symplectic, the following assertions are obtained. (i) The representation $\rho_\lambda$ is fully symplectic for almost all $\lambda$. (ii) If in addition the similitude character $\mu_{\lambda_0}$ of $\rho_{\lambda_0}$ is odd, then the system ${\rho_\lambda}\lambda$ is potentially automorphic and the residual image $\bar\rho\lambda(\text{Gal}\mathbb{Q})$ has a subgroup conjugate to $\text{Sp}_4(\mathbb{F}\ell)$ for almost all $\lambda$.