Invariants of Weyl group action and $q$-characters of quantum affine algebras

Abstract: Let $W$ be the Weyl group corresponding to a finite dimensional simple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ of rank $\ell$ and let $m>1$ be an integer. In [I21], by applying cluster mutations, a $W$-action on $\mathcal{Y}_m$ was constructed. Here $\mathcal{Y}_m$ is the rational function field on $cm\ell$ commuting variables, where $c \in { 1, 2, 3 }$ depends on $\mathfrak{g}$. This was motivated by the $q$-character map $\chi_q$ of the category of finite dimensional representations of quantum affine algebra $U_q(\hat{\mathfrak{g}})$. We showed in [I21] that when $q$ is a root of unity, $\mathrm{Im} \chi_q$ is a subring of the $W$-invariant subfield $\mathcal{Y}_m^W$ of $\mathcal{Y}_m$. In this paper, we give more detailed study on $\mathcal{Y}_m^W$; for each reflection $r_i \in W$ associated to the $i$th simple root, we describe the $r_i$-invariant subfield $\mathcal{Y}_m^{r_i}$ of $\mathcal{Y}_m$.