q-Casimir and q-cut-and-join operators related to Reflection Equation Algebras (2110.04354v4)

Abstract: In this paper we are dealing with the Reflection Equation algebra ${\cal M}(R)$, associated with a $GL_N$ type Hecke symmetry $R$. In this algebra we define the $q$-analogs of the partial derivatives $\partial_j^i$ in generators $m_i^j$ of ${\cal M}(R)$. The product $\hat L = MD$ of two matrices $M=|m_i^j|$ and $D=|\partial_i^j|$ turns out to be a generating matrix of a modified Reflection Equation algebra $\hat{\cal L}(R)$ which is similar to the universal enveloping algebra $U(gl_N)$ in many aspects. Central elements of the modified Reflection Equation algebra give rise to $q$-Casimir operators in a representation of $\hat{\cal L}(R)$ in the algebra ${\cal M}(R)$. We perform a spectral analysis of the first $q$-Casimir operator and formulate a conjecture about the spectrum of the higher ones. At last, we define the normal ordering for the $q$-differential operators and inroduce the $q$-cut-and-join operators. In several explicit examples we express some of $q$-cut-and-join operators via the $q$-Casimir ones by analogy with the classical case.