Local distinction, quadratic base change and automorphic induction for $\mathrm{GL_n}$

Abstract: Behind this sophisticated title hides an elementary exercise on Clifford theory for index two subgroups and self-dual/conjugate-dual representations. When applied to semi-simple representations of the Weil-Deligne group $W'_F$ of a non Archimedean local field $F$, and further translated in terms of representations of $\mathrm{GL_n}(F)$ via the local Langlands correspondence when $F$ has characteristic zero, it yields various statements concerning the behaviour of different types of distinction under quadratic base change and automorphic induction. When $F$ has residual characteristic different from $2$, combining of one of the simple results that we obtain with the tiviality of conjugate-orthogonal root numbers (proved by Gan, Gross and Prasad), we recover without using the LLC a result of Serre on the parity of the Artin conductor of orthogonal representations of $W'_F$. On the other hand we discuss its parity for symplectic representations using the LLC and the Prasad and Takloo-Bighash conjecture.