Counting rational points close to $p$-adic integers and applications in Diophantine approximation

Abstract: We find upper and lower bounds on the number of rational points that are $\psi$-approximations of some $n$-dimensional $p$-adic integer. Lattice point counting techniques are used to find the upper bound result, and a Pigeon-hole principle style argument is used to find the lower bound result. We use these results to find the Hausdorff dimension for the set of $p$-adic weighted simultaneously approximable points intersected with $p$-adic coordinate hyperplanes. For the lower bound result we show that the set of rational points that $\tau$-approximate a $p$-adic integer form a set of resonant points that can be used to construct a local ubiquitous system of rectangles.