Energy Optimization in Massive MIMO UAV-Aided MEC-Enabled Vehicular Networks

Abstract: This paper presents a novel unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) aided mobile edge computing (MEC) architecture for vehicular networks. It is considered that the vehicles should complete latency critical computation intensive tasks either locally with on-board computation units or by offloading part of their tasks to road side units (RSUs) with collocated MEC servers. In this direction, a hovering UAV can serve as an aerial RSU (ARSU) for task processing or act as an aerial relay and further offload the computation tasks to a ground RSU (GRSU). In order to significantly reduce the delay during data offloading and downloading, this architecture relies on the benefits of massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO). Therefore, it is considered that the vehicles, the ARSU, and the GRSU employ large scale antennas. A three dimensional (3D) geometrical representation of the MEC enabled network is introduced and an optimization method is proposed that minimizes the weighted total energy consumption (WTEC) of the vehicles and ARSU subject to transmit power allocation, task allocation, and timeslot scheduling. The numerical results verify the theoretical derivations, emphasize on the effectiveness of the massive MIMO transmission, and provide useful engineering insights.