Further improvements of generalized numerical radius inequalities for Hilbert space operators

Abstract: Several new improvements of the $A$-numerical radius inequalities for operators acting on a semi-Hilbert space, i.e., a space generated by a positive operator $A$, are proved. In particular, among other inequalities, we show that \begin{align*} \frac{1}{4}|T^{\sharp_A} T+TT^{\sharp_A}|_A \leq\frac{1}{4}\Big(2\omega_A^2(T)+\gamma(T)\Big) \leq \omega_A^2(T), \end{align*} where $$\gamma(T)=\sqrt{\left(|\Re_A(T)|_A^2-|\Im_A(T)|_A^2\right)^2+4|\Re_A(T)\Im_A(T)|_A^2}.$$ Here $\omega_A(X)$ and $|X|_A$ denote respectively the $A$-numerical radius and the $A$-seminorm of an operator $X$. Also, $\Re_A(T):=\frac{T+T^{\sharp_A}}{2}$ and $\Im_A(T):=\frac{T-T^{\sharp_A}}{2i}$, where $T^{\sharp_A}$ is a distinguished $A$-adjoint operator of $T$. Further, some new refinements of the triangle inequality related to $|\cdot|_A$ are established.