Enumerative and planar combinatorics of trivariate monomial resolutions

Abstract: The canonical sylvan resolution is a resolution of an arbitrary monomial ideal over a polynomial ring that is minimal and has an explicit combinatorial formula for the differential. The differential is a weighted sum over lattice paths of weights of chain-link fences, which are sequences of faces that are linked to each other via higher-dimensional analogues of spanning trees. Along a lattice path in the three-variable case, these weights can be condensed to a single weight contributing to the combinatorial formula for the differential that bypasses any computation of chain-link fences. The main results in this paper express the sylvan matrix entries for monomial ideals in three variables as a sum over lattice paths of simpler weights that depend only on the number of specific Koszul simplicial complexes that lie along the corresponding lattice path. Certain entries have numerators equal to the number of lattice paths in $\mathbb{N}^2$ that follow specific restrictions.