Odd dimensional counterparts of abelian complex and hypercomplex structures

Abstract: We introduce the notion of abelian almost contact structures on an odd dimensional real Lie algebra $\mathfrak g$. This a sufficient condition for the structure to be normal. We investigate correspondences with even dimensional real Lie algebras endowed with an abelian complex structure, and with K\"ahler Lie algebras when $\mathfrak g$ carries a compatible inner product. The classification of 5-dimensional Sasakian Lie algebras with abelian structure is obtained. Later, we introduce and study abelian almost 3-contact structures on real Lie algebras of dimension $4n+3$. These are given by triples of abelian almost contact structures, satisfying certain compatibility conditions, which are equivalent to the existence of a sphere of abelian almost contact structures. We obtain the classification of these Lie algebras in dimension 7. Finally, we deal with the geometry of a Lie group $G$ endowed with a left invariant abelian almost 3-contact structure and a compatible left invariant Riemannian metric. We determine conditions for $G$ to admit a special metric connection with totally skew-symmetric torsion, called canonical, which plays the role of the Bismut connection for HKT structures arising from abelian hypercomplex structures. We provide examples and discuss the parallelism of the torsion of the canonical connection.