Algébricité modulo p, séries hypergéométriques et structures de Frobenius forte (1911.09486v3)

Abstract: This work is devoted to study of algebraicty modulo p of Siegel's G-functions. Our goal is to emphasize the relevance of the notion of strong Frobenius structure, clasically studied in the theory of the p-adic diffenrential equations, for the study of a Adamczewski-Delaygue's conjecture concerning of the degree of algebraicity modulo p of G-functions. For this, we first make a Christol's result explicit by showing that if $f$ is a G-function that is solution of a differential operator $L$ in $ \mathbb{Q}(z)[d/dz]$ of order $n$ endowed of a strong Frobenius structure of period $h$ for the prime number $p$ and that $f(z)$ belongs to $\mathbb{Z}_{(p)}[[z]]$, then the reduction of $f$ modulo $ p $ is algebraic over $\mathbb F_p(z)$ and its algebraicity degree is bounded by $p^{n^2h}$. By generalizing an approach introduced by Salinier, we show that if $L$ is a Fuchsian operator with coefficients in $\mathbb{Q}(z)$, whose monodromy group is rigid and whose exponents are rational numbers, then $L$ has for almost every prime number $p$ a strong Frobenius structure of period $h$, where $h$ is explicitly bounded and does not depend on $p$. A slightly different version of this result has been recently demonstrated by Crew following a different approach based on the $p$ -adic cohomology. We use these two results to solve the mentioned conjecture in the case of generalized hypergeometric series.