A Tight Degree 4 Sum-of-Squares Lower Bound for the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick Hamiltonian

Abstract: We show that, if $\mathbf{W} \in \mathbb{R}^{N \times N}{\mathsf{sym}}$ is drawn from the gaussian orthogonal ensemble, then with high probability the degree 4 sum-of-squares relaxation cannot certify an upper bound on the objective $N^{-1} \cdot \mathbf{x}^\top \mathbf{W} \mathbf{x}$ under the constraints $x_i^2 - 1 = 0$ (i.e. $\mathbf{x} \in { \pm 1 }^N$) that is asymptotically smaller than $\lambda{\max}(\mathbf{W}) \approx 2$. We also conjecture a proof technique for lower bounds against sum-of-squares relaxations of any degree held constant as $N \to \infty$, by proposing an approximate pseudomoment construction.