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SPM-Tracker: Series-Parallel Matching for Real-Time Visual Object Tracking (1904.04452v1)

Published 9 Apr 2019 in cs.CV

Abstract: The greatest challenge facing visual object tracking is the simultaneous requirements on robustness and discrimination power. In this paper, we propose a SiamFC-based tracker, named SPM-Tracker, to tackle this challenge. The basic idea is to address the two requirements in two separate matching stages. Robustness is strengthened in the coarse matching (CM) stage through generalized training while discrimination power is enhanced in the fine matching (FM) stage through a distance learning network. The two stages are connected in series as the input proposals of the FM stage are generated by the CM stage. They are also connected in parallel as the matching scores and box location refinements are fused to generate the final results. This innovative series-parallel structure takes advantage of both stages and results in superior performance. The proposed SPM-Tracker, running at 120fps on GPU, achieves an AUC of 0.687 on OTB-100 and an EAO of 0.434 on VOT-16, exceeding other real-time trackers by a notable margin.

Citations (189)

Summary

  • The paper introduces SPM-Tracker, a SiamFC-based tracker using a series-parallel matching strategy to balance robustness and discrimination in real-time visual object tracking.
  • It employs a two-stage system: Coarse Matching for robustness via generalized training and Fine Matching for discrimination using distance learning.
  • SPM-Tracker achieves state-of-the-art real-time performance, with 120fps inference speed and competitive results (e.g., AUC 0.687 on OTB-100).

Insightful Overview of "SPM-Tracker: Series-Parallel Matching for Real-Time Visual Object Tracking"

The paper "SPM-Tracker: Series-Parallel Matching for Real-Time Visual Object Tracking" introduces an innovative approach for enhancing visual object tracking, specifically focusing on balancing the demands for robustness and discrimination power. The paper frames the challenge in visual tracking regarding the necessity to simultaneously maintain robustness against visual transformations and strong discrimination capability to differentiate the target from the environment. The authors propose a SiamFC-based tracker named SPM-Tracker that uniquely incorporates a series-parallel matching strategy to address these challenges.

Methodology

The authors design a system organized in two distinct stages for tracking: the Coarse Matching (CM) stage and the Fine Matching (FM) stage. The CM stage aims to bolster robustness by employing generalized training methods, treating objects of the same category as a common object to enhance resilience against changes in appearance. This is achieved through a modified version of the SiamRPN model, which supports robust detection by factoring in generalized object representation.

In contrast, the FM stage is designed to improve discrimination power by employing a distance learning network. This stage refines proposals determined by the CM stage, utilizing a Relation Network to ensure fine-grained discrimination is achieved. The connection of these stages is realized through an innovative series-parallel structure, where outputs are fused from both stages for final output, maximizing efficiency and tracking precision.

Results

Empirical results underscore the efficacy of this method, with the SPM-Tracker achieving impressive metrics such as an AUC of 0.687 on the OTB-100 dataset and an EAO of 0.434 on VOT-16, outperforming real-time competitors. Notably, the inference speed reported is 120fps on a GPU, emphasizing its applicability in high-performance environments.

Implications and Future Directions

The implications of the SPM-Tracker extend into both practical and theoretical domains within computer vision. Practically, this system can significantly enhance the performance of applications requiring rapid and precise object tracking, such as autonomous vehicles and interactive robots. Theoretically, the method provides a blueprint for hybrid models that can efficiently manage the trade-offs between robustness and discrimination in dynamic environments. The series-parallel architecture could inspire further studies into advanced fusion strategies and cascaded model designs.

Looking into future developments, the research community may explore the adaptation of this model in varied scenarios outside the datasets tested, such as real-world video streams with higher complexity. Additionally, incorporating more sophisticated models for the FM stage could further refine discrimination accuracy. The series-parallel design can be a touchpoint for developing next-generation AI systems that require multi-stage decision-making processes, which are crucial in complex AI environments.