Human-centric Indoor Scene Synthesis Using Stochastic Grammar (1808.08473v1)

Abstract: We present a human-centric method to sample and synthesize 3D room layouts and 2D images thereof, to obtain large-scale 2D/3D image data with perfect per-pixel ground truth. An attributed spatial And-Or graph (S-AOG) is proposed to represent indoor scenes. The S-AOG is a probabilistic grammar model, in which the terminal nodes are object entities. Human contexts as contextual relations are encoded by Markov Random Fields (MRF) on the terminal nodes. We learn the distributions from an indoor scene dataset and sample new layouts using Monte Carlo Markov Chain. Experiments demonstrate that our method can robustly sample a large variety of realistic room layouts based on three criteria: (i) visual realism comparing to a state-of-the-art room arrangement method, (ii) accuracy of the affordance maps with respect to groundtruth, and (ii) the functionality and naturalness of synthesized rooms evaluated by human subjects. The code is available at https://github.com/SiyuanQi/human-centric-scene-synthesis.

Human-centric Indoor Scene Synthesis Using Stochastic Grammar: An Expert Review

This paper introduces a novel methodology for synthesizing human-centric indoor scenes through stochastic grammar, with implications for large-scale image data generation. The authors propose an attributed spatial And-Or graph (S-AOG) as the core representation for indoor scenes, integrating probabilistic grammar with Markov Random Fields (MRF) to encapsulate human-contextual relations among terminal nodes.

The methodology leverages learned distributions from an indoor scene dataset to facilitate new layout generation via Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) sampling. This framework allows for the robust creation of diverse and realistic room layouts, evaluated against criteria such as visual realism, accuracy in affordance maps, and functionality as perceived by human subjects.

Key Contributions and Experimental Findings

The paper outlines significant contributions in modeling objects, affordances, and human activity planning for indoor scene configurations, aiming to overcome traditional limitations in 2D/3D image data collection. Utilizing probabilistic grammar, the proposed S-AOG structure encompasses vertical hierarchical decomposition alongside horizontal contextual relations, enhancing the representation of functional grouping and supporting interactions.

Among its notable outcomes, the research demonstrates a remarkable empirical ability to generate scene layouts exhibiting high visual realism, surpassing state-of-the-art methods in both resemblance to manually constructed scenes and affordance map accuracy. Experiments involving human subjects further corroborate the method's efficacy in delivering functionally plausible and aesthetically natural layouts, outperforming baseline approaches that lack contextual modeling.

Implications and Future Directions

The implications of this research are far-reaching across the domains of computer vision, 3D modeling, and artificial intelligence, notably in training data generation, scene understanding, semantic segmentation, and robotics. The ability to synthesize indoor scenes with per-pixel ground truth data presents notable utility for training algorithms and benchmarking, potentially advancing various applications from automated design to enhanced robot perception and interaction in indoor environments.

Looking forward, integrating a physics engine could further enhance the realism by ensuring physical plausibility in synthesized scenes. Such developments may open new avenues in dynamic scene generation and simulation-based learning, aligning with contemporary trends in AI research focused on model realism and contextual awareness.

In conclusion, the paper's contribution lies in its structured approach to modeling indoor scenes with spatial awareness and human-centric focus, providing valuable insights and tools for research and practical advances in AI-driven scene synthesis and data augmentation.