Hausdorff dimension in inhomogeneous Diophantine approximation (1805.10436v1)

Abstract: Let $\alpha$ be an irrational real number. We show that the set of $\epsilon$-badly approximable numbers [ \mathrm{Bad}^\varepsilon (\alpha) := {x\in [0,1]\, : \, \liminf_{|q| \to \infty} |q| \cdot | q\alpha -x | \geq \varepsilon } ] has full Hausdorff dimension for some positive $\epsilon$ if and only if $\alpha$ is singular on average. The condition is equivalent to the average $\frac{1}{k} \sum_{i=1, \cdots, k} \log a_i$ of the logarithms of the partial quotients $a_i$ of $\alpha$ going to infinity with $k$. We also consider one-sided approximation, obtain a stronger result when $a_i$ tends to infinity, and establish a partial result in higher dimensions.