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SPG-Net: Segmentation Prediction and Guidance Network for Image Inpainting (1805.03356v4)

Published 9 May 2018 in cs.CV

Abstract: In this paper, we focus on image inpainting task, aiming at recovering the missing area of an incomplete image given the context information. Recent development in deep generative models enables an efficient end-to-end framework for image synthesis and inpainting tasks, but existing methods based on generative models don't exploit the segmentation information to constrain the object shapes, which usually lead to blurry results on the boundary. To tackle this problem, we propose to introduce the semantic segmentation information, which disentangles the inter-class difference and intra-class variation for image inpainting. This leads to much clearer recovered boundary between semantically different regions and better texture within semantically consistent segments. Our model factorizes the image inpainting process into segmentation prediction (SP-Net) and segmentation guidance (SG-Net) as two steps, which predict the segmentation labels in the missing area first, and then generate segmentation guided inpainting results. Experiments on multiple public datasets show that our approach outperforms existing methods in optimizing the image inpainting quality, and the interactive segmentation guidance provides possibilities for multi-modal predictions of image inpainting.

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Authors (6)
  1. Yuhang Song (36 papers)
  2. Chao Yang (333 papers)
  3. Yeji Shen (2 papers)
  4. Peng Wang (832 papers)
  5. Qin Huang (38 papers)
  6. C. -C. Jay Kuo (176 papers)
Citations (171)

Summary

Insights into SPG-Net: Segmentation Prediction and Guidance Network for Image Inpainting

The paper introduces SPG-Net, a novel approach to tackle the image inpainting problem using deep generative models and semantic segmentation information.

Image inpainting is a well-explored area in computer vision, aimed at reconstructing the missing portions of an image based on the context provided by its surrounding areas. While traditional methods primarily focus on patch-based techniques, recent advancements have embraced deep generative models to improve inpainting efficacy. However, these models often exhibit deficiencies such as blurry boundaries due to the lack of segmentation constraints for object shapes. The focus of SPG-Net is to leverage segmentation masks to enhance inpainting results, specifically at object boundaries, by disentangling inter-class differences and intra-class variations.

SPG-Net operationalizes the inpainting task in a two-step approach: segmentation prediction (SP-Net) followed by segmentation guidance (SG-Net). Initially, segmentation labels within missing image areas are predicted using SP-Net, which incorporates a residual block architecture and multi-scale discriminators for adversarial training. The output segmentation masks are then fed into SG-Net, which synthesizes the final inpainting result by combining the image input and predicted segmentation labels. This segmentation-informed inpainting framework effectively exploits the shape and localization data inherent to semantic segmentation, offering clearer object boundaries and texture detail.

Quantitative evaluations demonstrate significant improvements over existing methods like PatchMatch and GL, with SPG-Net surpassing these techniques in terms of SSIM and PSNR metrics. User studies further reflect perceptual preferences for SPG-Net's outputs, indicating its superior visual quality. Notably, the segmentation-driven methodology also empowers interactive editing capabilities, allowing users to modify segmentation labels and generate varied inpainting results without retraining the model.

The implications of integrating segmentation maps in image inpainting are profound. It shifts the paradigm from texture propagation to structure-aware synthesis, enhancing the perceptual consistency of generated content. Looking forward, such integrations may pave the way for contributions in other image synthesis applications, such as video inpainting or virtual reality simulations, where seamless integration of generated content is imperative.

Future enhancements could focus on optimizing the training efficiency and exploring further applications of segmentation guidance for diverse image modalities. The advent of such techniques signifies evolving roles for semantic segmentation within generative models, suggesting avenues for richer, context-aware image reconstruction approaches in AI research.