Logic Tensor Networks for Semantic Image Interpretation (1705.08968v1)

Abstract: Semantic Image Interpretation (SII) is the task of extracting structured semantic descriptions from images. It is widely agreed that the combined use of visual data and background knowledge is of great importance for SII. Recently, Statistical Relational Learning (SRL) approaches have been developed for reasoning under uncertainty and learning in the presence of data and rich knowledge. Logic Tensor Networks (LTNs) are an SRL framework which integrates neural networks with first-order fuzzy logic to allow (i) efficient learning from noisy data in the presence of logical constraints, and (ii) reasoning with logical formulas describing general properties of the data. In this paper, we develop and apply LTNs to two of the main tasks of SII, namely, the classification of an image's bounding boxes and the detection of the relevant part-of relations between objects. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first successful application of SRL to such SII tasks. The proposed approach is evaluated on a standard image processing benchmark. Experiments show that the use of background knowledge in the form of logical constraints can improve the performance of purely data-driven approaches, including the state-of-the-art Fast Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks (Fast R-CNN). Moreover, we show that the use of logical background knowledge adds robustness to the learning system when errors are present in the labels of the training data.

• The paper outlines strict manuscript preparation guidelines for IJCAI-17 to standardize submission formats.
• The paper details submission requirements, including page limits, formatting tools, and layout specifications.
• The paper emphasizes blind review protocols and technical considerations to maintain confidentiality and publication quality.

Overview of "IJCAI-17 Formatting Instructions"

In the paper, "IJCAI-17 Formatting Instructions," the author Carles Sierra presents a comprehensive guide for authors preparing manuscripts for the IJCAI-17 proceedings. The paper serves a crucial role in standardizing submissions, ensuring uniformity, and facilitating the production of both printed and electronic versions of the conference proceedings.

Key Content and Instructions

The document is methodical in its approach to instructing authors on various aspects of manuscript preparation:

1. Submission Requirements: The guidelines specify that each full paper must adhere to a six-page limit, excluding references, with an allowance for purchasing up to two additional pages. However, initial submissions are confined to a maximum of six pages plus references.
2. Formatting Tools: Authors are encouraged to utilize provided \LaTeX{} macros or a Microsoft Word template to achieve the prescribed style. While the use of other word processing software is not prohibited, compliance with format instructions is mandatory.
3. Document Layout: Detailed instructions cover the dimensions and layout for submissions, including specifics such as margin sizes, column widths, and spacing. A strict adherence to the American letter format is emphasized for consistency and compatibility.
4. Style Specifications:
   • Title and Author Information: Guidelines state positioning and font size for titles and author details.
   • Blind Review Compliance: During the review process, author anonymity is required. The paper provides instructions for maintaining confidentiality through the careful presentation of related works and citations.
5. Content Structure and Style:
   • Abstract and Text Formatting: The abstract must succinctly summarize the paper within 200 words. A prescribed font and paragraph structure is detailed for the main text.
   • Sections and Headings: The document delineates how to organize content using a hierarchy of headings, with explicit formatting requirements for each level.
6. Technical Considerations: The paper emphasizes the importance of using Adobe's Portable Document Format (PDF) and recommends Adobe's Times Roman font for uniform appearance.
7. Graphics and Illustrations: Place illustrations at their point of reference in the text, using specified formats for captions and labels.

Implications and Future Considerations

This paper is fundamental to maintaining a level of professionalism and consistency within the academic community attending IJCAI-17. By providing a detailed guide, it eases the burden on researchers to format their submissions correctly, allowing them to focus more on the substance of their research. From a future perspective, such guidelines could be enhanced by incorporating templates for newer digital platforms, addressing accessibility considerations, or utilizing automated formatting tools that adapt to these precise specifications.

This effort to standardize document preparation is not merely procedural; it embodies an integral part of conference tradition, impacting both the reading experience and the archival quality of proceedings. As conferences continue to evolve, expanded digital dissemination avenues might necessitate updated guidelines reflective of new publishing and viewing technologies. The document demonstrates a valuable approach that could be refined for broader application in other academic conferences and journals, particularly in adapting to evolving technological landscapes and user expectations.