Valuations of Semirings (1503.01392v2)

Abstract: We develop notions of valuations on a semiring, with a view toward extending the classical theory of abstract nonsingular curves and discrete valuation rings to this general algebraic setting; the novelty of our approach lies in the implementation of hyperrings to yield a new definition (\emph{hyperfield valuation}). In particular, we classify valuations on the semifield $\mathbb{Q}{max}$ (the max-plus semifield of rational numbers) and also valuations on the `function field' $\mathbb{Q}{max}(T)$ (the semifield of rational functions over $\mathbb{Q}{max}$) which are trivial on $\mathbb{Q}{max}$. We construct and study the abstract curve associated to $\mathbb{Q}{max}(T)$ in relation to the projective line $\mathbb{P}^1{\mathbb{F}1}$ over the field with one element $\mathbb{F}{1}$ and the tropical projective line. Finally, we discuss possible connections to tropical curves and Berkovich's theory of analytic spaces.